feat: 重写策略模式
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README/设计模式.md
210
README/设计模式.md
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@ -143,7 +143,15 @@ public class Main {
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## 工厂模式
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工厂模式（Factory Pattern）是创建型设计模式的一种，它提供了一种创建对象的方式，而不需要暴露具体的类实例化过程。工厂模式有三种常见的实现方式：
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工厂模式（Factory Pattern）是创建型设计模式的一种，它提供了一种创建对象的方式，而不需要暴露具体的类实例化过程。
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工厂模式适用于以下场景：
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- **对象创建逻辑复杂**：当对象的创建过程比较复杂，包含多个初始化步骤时。
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- **类的创建与实现解耦**：客户端只关心产品的接口，而不关心具体实现。
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- **动态选择不同类型的对象**：需要根据不同条件动态选择创建的对象类型。
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- **产品种类变化频繁**：产品的类型变化较多时，使用工厂模式能使扩展更加灵活。
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- **避免客户端直接实例化**：通过工厂封装对象的创建过程，减少客户端与具体实现的耦合。
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### 1. **简单工厂模式（Simple Factory Pattern）**
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@ -366,202 +374,23 @@ public class Client {
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- **工厂方法模式**：通过子类来决定产品的创建，适合产品种类较多时，且产品可能会变化。
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- **抽象工厂模式**：提供多个相关的产品的创建接口，适合需要创建一系列相关产品的场景。
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## 策略模式
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我们通过策略模式来实现鸭子的飞行和叫声行为，使得它们可以在运行时灵活替换。
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### 飞行行为
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#### 飞行接口
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```java
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public interface FlyBehavior {
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/**
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* 飞的样子
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*/
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void fly();
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}
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```
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#### 飞行实现
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```java
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public class FlyNoWay implements FlyBehavior {
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/**
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* 飞的样子
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*/
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@Override
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public void fly() {
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System.out.println("不能飞。。。");
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}
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}
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public class FlyWithWings implements FlyBehavior {
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/**
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* 飞的样子
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*/
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@Override
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public void fly() {
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System.out.println("可以飞。。。");
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}
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}
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```
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### 叫的行为
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#### 叫的接口
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```java
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public interface QuackBehavior {
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/**
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* 怎么叫的
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*/
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void quack();
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}
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```
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#### 叫的实现
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```java
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public class MuteQuack implements QuackBehavior {
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/**
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* 怎么叫的
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*/
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@Override
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public void quack() {
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System.out.println("不会叫...");
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}
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}
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public class Quack implements QuackBehavior {
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/**
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* 怎么叫的
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*/
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@Override
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public void quack() {
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System.out.println("鸭子叫。。。");
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}
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}
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```
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### 鸭子
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```java
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@Setter
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public abstract class AbstractDuck {
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// 设置新的叫声行为
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QuackBehavior quackBehavior;
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// 设置新的飞行行为
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FlyBehavior flyBehavior;
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public AbstractDuck() {
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}
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/**
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* 展示什么类型的鸭子
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*/
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public abstract void display();
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public void performFly() {
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flyBehavior.fly();
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}
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public void performQuack() {
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quackBehavior.quack();
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}
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public void swim() {
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System.out.println("鸭子游泳");
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}
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}
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```
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#### 鸭子继承
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```java
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public class ModelDuck extends AbstractDuck {
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private final String modelDuck = "橡皮🦆";
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public ModelDuck() {
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super.setFlyBehavior(new FlyNoWay());
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super.quackBehavior = new MuteQuack();
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}
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/**
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* 展示什么类型的鸭子
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*/
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@Override
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public void display() {
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System.out.println(modelDuck + "...");
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}
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/**
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*
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*/
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@Override
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public void swim() {
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System.out.println(modelDuck + "不会游泳。。。");
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}
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}
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public class WoodDuck extends AbstractDuck {
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private final String modelDuck = "木头🦆";
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public WoodDuck() {
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super.flyBehavior = new FlyNoWay();
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super.quackBehavior = new MuteQuack();
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}
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/**
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* 展示什么类型的鸭子
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*/
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@Override
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public void display() {
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System.out.println(modelDuck + "...");
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}
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}
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```
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### 运行
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```java
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public class Main {
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public static void main(String[] args) {
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ModelDuck modelDuck = new ModelDuck();
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modelDuck.display();
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modelDuck.performFly();
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modelDuck.performQuack();
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modelDuck.swim();
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System.out.println("--------------------------------");
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AbstractDuck woodDuck = new WoodDuck();
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woodDuck.display();
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woodDuck.performFly();
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woodDuck.performQuack();
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woodDuck.swim();
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}
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}
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```
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## 观察者模式
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观察者模式是一种行为设计模式，它允许一个对象（被观察者）在其状态发生变化时，自动通知所有依赖于它的对象（观察者），而不需要知道这些观察者的具体细节。其主要思想是实现“低耦合”，即对象之间的关系通过接口进行松散连接。
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观察者模式是一种行为设计模式，它允许一个对象（被观察者）在其状态发生变化时，自动通知所有依赖于它的对象（观察者），而不需要知道这些观察者的具体细节。其主要思想是实现“低耦合”，即对象之间的关系通过接口进行松散连接。为了避免使用过时的类，我们可以手动实现观察者模式。我们需要定义一个“观察者”接口和一个“被观察者”接口，并在被观察者中维护一个观察者的列表，通知观察者更新状态。
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为了避免使用过时的类，我们可以手动实现观察者模式。我们需要定义一个“观察者”接口和一个“被观察者”接口，并在被观察者中维护一个观察者的列表，通知观察者更新状态。
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观察者模式在以下场景中非常适用：
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- **事件驱动的系统**：如 GUI 事件处理、用户交互。
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- **发布/订阅机制**：如新闻推送、社交媒体更新。
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- **实时数据监控**：如股票、天气、系统监控等。
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- **模型-视图-控制器（MVC）**：使视图根据模型的变化自动更新。
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- **实时更新场景**：如游戏开发中的实时数据变化通知。
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### 观察者
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@ -737,6 +566,8 @@ public class Main {
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简单来说，装饰器模式通过“装饰”原有对象来扩展功能，而不是通过继承来修改对象的行为。
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适用的场景包括 I/O 流处理、GUI 组件、日志功能、权限管理、Web 请求处理等。在这些场景中，装饰器模式帮助程序员按需扩展功能，而不会破坏现有代码的结构。
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**汽车案例**
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假设你有一辆普通的车（**基本功能**），如果你想让这辆车变成运动型车或豪华车（**添加新功能**），你可以将这辆车包装在不同的装饰器中。例如：
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@ -849,3 +680,6 @@ public class Main {
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```
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## 命令模式
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@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
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package cn.bunny.pattern2;
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package cn.bunny.pattern2.demo1;
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import cn.bunny.pattern2.duck.AbstractDuck;
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import cn.bunny.pattern2.duck.ModelDuck;
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import cn.bunny.pattern2.duck.WoodDuck;
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import cn.bunny.pattern2.demo1.duck.AbstractDuck;
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import cn.bunny.pattern2.demo1.duck.ModelDuck;
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import cn.bunny.pattern2.demo1.duck.WoodDuck;
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public class Main {
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public static void main(String[] args) {
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package cn.bunny.pattern2.behavior.fly;
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package cn.bunny.pattern2.demo1.behavior.fly;
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public interface FlyBehavior {
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/**
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package cn.bunny.pattern2.behavior.fly;
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package cn.bunny.pattern2.demo1.behavior.fly;
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public class FlyNoWay implements FlyBehavior {
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/**
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package cn.bunny.pattern2.behavior.fly;
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package cn.bunny.pattern2.demo1.behavior.fly;
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public class FlyWithWings implements FlyBehavior {
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/**
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package cn.bunny.pattern2.behavior.quack;
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package cn.bunny.pattern2.demo1.behavior.quack;
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public class MuteQuack implements QuackBehavior {
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/**
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package cn.bunny.pattern2.behavior.quack;
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package cn.bunny.pattern2.demo1.behavior.quack;
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public class Quack implements QuackBehavior {
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/**
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package cn.bunny.pattern2.behavior.quack;
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package cn.bunny.pattern2.demo1.behavior.quack;
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public interface QuackBehavior {
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/**
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package cn.bunny.pattern2.duck;
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package cn.bunny.pattern2.demo1.duck;
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import cn.bunny.pattern2.behavior.fly.FlyBehavior;
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import cn.bunny.pattern2.behavior.quack.QuackBehavior;
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import cn.bunny.pattern2.demo1.behavior.fly.FlyBehavior;
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import cn.bunny.pattern2.demo1.behavior.quack.QuackBehavior;
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import lombok.Setter;
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@Setter
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package cn.bunny.pattern2.duck;
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package cn.bunny.pattern2.demo1.duck;
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import cn.bunny.pattern2.behavior.fly.FlyNoWay;
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import cn.bunny.pattern2.behavior.quack.MuteQuack;
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import cn.bunny.pattern2.demo1.behavior.fly.FlyNoWay;
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import cn.bunny.pattern2.demo1.behavior.quack.MuteQuack;
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public class ModelDuck extends AbstractDuck {
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package cn.bunny.pattern2.duck;
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package cn.bunny.pattern2.demo1.duck;
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import cn.bunny.pattern2.behavior.fly.FlyNoWay;
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import cn.bunny.pattern2.behavior.quack.MuteQuack;
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import cn.bunny.pattern2.demo1.behavior.fly.FlyNoWay;
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import cn.bunny.pattern2.demo1.behavior.quack.MuteQuack;
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public class WoodDuck extends AbstractDuck {
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package cn.bunny.pattern2.demo2;
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public class BaseStrategy {
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public static void main(String[] args) {
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// 每一个策略
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ConcreteStrategy1 concreteStrategy1 = new ConcreteStrategy1();
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ConcreteStrategy2 concreteStrategy2 = new ConcreteStrategy2();
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// 执行策略
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new Context(concreteStrategy1).doIt();
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new Context(concreteStrategy2).doIt();
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}
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// 基本的策略
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public interface Strategy {
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/**
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* 需要执行的方法
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*/
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void method();
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}
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// 具体的策略实现1
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public static class ConcreteStrategy1 implements Strategy {
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/**
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* 需要执行的方法
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*/
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@Override
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public void method() {
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System.out.println("具体的策略实现1...");
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}
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}
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// 具体的策略实现2
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public static class ConcreteStrategy2 implements Strategy {
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/**
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* 需要执行的方法
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*/
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@Override
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public void method() {
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System.out.println("具体的策略实现2...");
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}
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}
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// 提供上下文
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public static class Context {
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private final Strategy strategy;
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public Context(Strategy strategy) {
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this.strategy = strategy;
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}
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/**
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* 需要做的事情
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*/
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public void doIt() {
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strategy.method();
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}
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}
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}
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package cn.bunny.pattern2.demo3;
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import lombok.Setter;
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public class GameCharacter {
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public static void main(String[] args) {
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Character soldier = new Soldier();
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soldier.fight();
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Character king = new King();
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king.setPrimaryWeapon(new AxeWeapon());
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king.fight();
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}
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// 武器接口
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interface Weapon {
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String function();
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}
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// 各种武器实现
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public static class SwordWeapon implements Weapon {
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@Override
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public String function() {
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return "⚔️ ⚔️ ⚔️";
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}
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}
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public static class AxeWeapon implements Weapon {
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@Override
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public String function() {
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return "🪓 🪓 🪓";
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}
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}
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public static class KnifeWeapon implements Weapon {
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@Override
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public String function() {
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return "🔪 🔪 🔪";
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}
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}
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// 抽象角色类
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public abstract static class Character {
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String name;
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@Setter
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private Weapon primaryWeapon;
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@Setter
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private Weapon subWeapon;
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public Character(String name) {
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this.name = name;
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// 默认武器配置
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this.primaryWeapon = new SwordWeapon();
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this.subWeapon = new KnifeWeapon();
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}
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void fight() {
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if (primaryWeapon != null && subWeapon != null) {
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String primary = primaryWeapon.function();
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String sub = subWeapon.function();
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System.out.println(name + "：" + primary + "和" + sub);
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} else {
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System.out.println(name + "没有武器！");
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}
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}
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}
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// 国王角色
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public static class King extends Character {
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public King() {
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super("King");
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setPrimaryWeapon(new SwordWeapon());
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setSubWeapon(new KnifeWeapon());
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}
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}
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// 士兵角色
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public static class Soldier extends Character {
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public Soldier() {
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super("Soldier");
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setPrimaryWeapon(new AxeWeapon());
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setSubWeapon(new SwordWeapon());
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}
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}
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}
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@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
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package cn.bunny.pattern5.demo1;
|
||||
|
||||
// 接收者：空调
|
||||
public class AirConditioner {
|
||||
public void on() {
|
||||
System.out.println("空调打开了");
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
public void off() {
|
||||
System.out.println("空调关闭了");
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
|
|||
package cn.bunny.pattern5.demo1;
|
||||
|
||||
import cn.bunny.pattern5.demo1.command.*;
|
||||
|
||||
public class Main {
|
||||
public static void main(String[] args) {
|
||||
// 创建接收者对象
|
||||
TV tv = new TV();
|
||||
AirConditioner airConditioner = new AirConditioner();
|
||||
|
||||
// 创建命令对象并绑定接收者
|
||||
Command tvOn = new TVOnCommand(tv);
|
||||
Command tvOff = new TVOffCommand(tv);
|
||||
Command airConditionerOn = new AirConditionerOnCommand(airConditioner);
|
||||
Command airConditionerOff = new AirConditionerOffCommand(airConditioner);
|
||||
|
||||
// 创建遥控器（调用者）
|
||||
RemoteControl remoteControl = new RemoteControl();
|
||||
|
||||
// 按钮1：打开电视
|
||||
remoteControl.setCommand(tvOn);
|
||||
remoteControl.pressButton(); // 输出：电视机打开了
|
||||
|
||||
// 按钮2：关闭电视
|
||||
remoteControl.setCommand(tvOff);
|
||||
remoteControl.pressButton(); // 输出：电视机关闭了
|
||||
|
||||
// 按钮3：打开空调
|
||||
remoteControl.setCommand(airConditionerOn);
|
||||
remoteControl.pressButton(); // 输出：空调打开了
|
||||
|
||||
// 按钮4：关闭空调
|
||||
remoteControl.setCommand(airConditionerOff);
|
||||
remoteControl.pressButton(); // 输出：空调关闭了
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
|
|||
package cn.bunny.pattern5.demo1;
|
||||
|
||||
import cn.bunny.pattern5.demo1.command.Command;
|
||||
import lombok.Setter;
|
||||
|
||||
// 遥控器（调用者）
|
||||
@Setter
|
||||
public class RemoteControl {
|
||||
private Command command;
|
||||
|
||||
public void pressButton() {
|
||||
command.execute();
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
|
|||
package cn.bunny.pattern5.demo1;
|
||||
|
||||
// 接收者：电视机
|
||||
public class TV {
|
||||
public void on() {
|
||||
System.out.println("电视机打开了");
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
public void off() {
|
||||
System.out.println("电视机关闭了");
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
|
|||
package cn.bunny.pattern5.demo1.command;
|
||||
|
||||
import cn.bunny.pattern5.demo1.AirConditioner;
|
||||
|
||||
// 具体命令类：关闭空调的命令
|
||||
public class AirConditionerOffCommand implements Command {
|
||||
private final AirConditioner airConditioner;
|
||||
|
||||
public AirConditionerOffCommand(AirConditioner airConditioner) {
|
||||
this.airConditioner = airConditioner;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
@Override
|
||||
public void execute() {
|
||||
airConditioner.off();
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
|
|||
package cn.bunny.pattern5.demo1.command;
|
||||
|
||||
import cn.bunny.pattern5.demo1.AirConditioner;
|
||||
|
||||
// 具体命令类：打开空调的命令
|
||||
public class AirConditionerOnCommand implements Command {
|
||||
private final AirConditioner airConditioner;
|
||||
|
||||
public AirConditionerOnCommand(AirConditioner airConditioner) {
|
||||
this.airConditioner = airConditioner;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
@Override
|
||||
public void execute() {
|
||||
airConditioner.on();
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
|
|||
package cn.bunny.pattern5.demo1.command;
|
||||
|
||||
public interface Command {
|
||||
void execute();
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
|
|||
package cn.bunny.pattern5.demo1.command;
|
||||
|
||||
import cn.bunny.pattern5.demo1.TV;
|
||||
|
||||
// 具体命令类：关闭电视的命令
|
||||
public class TVOffCommand implements Command {
|
||||
private final TV tv;
|
||||
|
||||
public TVOffCommand(TV tv) {
|
||||
this.tv = tv;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
@Override
|
||||
public void execute() {
|
||||
tv.off();
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
|
|||
package cn.bunny.pattern5.demo1.command;
|
||||
|
||||
import cn.bunny.pattern5.demo1.TV;
|
||||
|
||||
// 具体命令类：打开电视的命令
|
||||
public class TVOnCommand implements Command {
|
||||
private final TV tv;
|
||||
|
||||
public TVOnCommand(TV tv) {
|
||||
this.tv = tv;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
@Override
|
||||
public void execute() {
|
||||
tv.on();
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
|
|||
package cn.bunny.pattern5.demo2;
|
||||
|
||||
/**
|
||||
* 厨师类
|
||||
*/
|
||||
public class Cook {
|
||||
|
||||
/**
|
||||
* 烤羊肉串
|
||||
*/
|
||||
public void bakeMutton() {
|
||||
System.out.println("厨师-烤羊肉串。。。");
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/**
|
||||
* 烤鸡翅
|
||||
*/
|
||||
public void bakeChickenWing() {
|
||||
System.out.println("厨师-烤鸡翅。。。");
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
|
|||
package cn.bunny.pattern5.demo2;
|
||||
|
||||
import cn.bunny.pattern5.demo2.command.BakeChickenWingCommand;
|
||||
import cn.bunny.pattern5.demo2.command.BakeMuttonCommand;
|
||||
|
||||
public class Main {
|
||||
public static void main(String[] args) {
|
||||
Cook cook = new Cook();
|
||||
Waiter waiter = new Waiter();
|
||||
|
||||
// 来点烤鸡翅
|
||||
waiter.addCommand(new BakeChickenWingCommand(cook));
|
||||
|
||||
// 点烤羊肉串
|
||||
waiter.addCommand(new BakeMuttonCommand(cook));
|
||||
|
||||
// 通知厨师去做
|
||||
waiter.notifyCook();
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
|
|||
package cn.bunny.pattern5.demo2;
|
||||
|
||||
import cn.bunny.pattern5.demo2.command.Command;
|
||||
|
||||
import java.util.ArrayList;
|
||||
import java.util.List;
|
||||
|
||||
/**
|
||||
* 服务员
|
||||
*/
|
||||
public class Waiter {
|
||||
|
||||
private final List<Command> commandList = new ArrayList<>();
|
||||
|
||||
public void addCommand(Command command) {
|
||||
commandList.add(command);
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/**
|
||||
* 通知厨师去做
|
||||
*/
|
||||
public void notifyCook() {
|
||||
for (Command command : commandList) {
|
||||
command.execute();
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
|
|||
package cn.bunny.pattern5.demo2.command;
|
||||
|
||||
import cn.bunny.pattern5.demo2.Cook;
|
||||
|
||||
public class BakeChickenWingCommand extends Command {
|
||||
|
||||
public BakeChickenWingCommand(Cook cook) {
|
||||
super(cook);
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/**
|
||||
* 命名的执行方法，对具体进行处理
|
||||
*/
|
||||
@Override
|
||||
public void execute() {
|
||||
cook.bakeChickenWing();
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
|
|||
package cn.bunny.pattern5.demo2.command;
|
||||
|
||||
import cn.bunny.pattern5.demo2.Cook;
|
||||
|
||||
public class BakeMuttonCommand extends Command {
|
||||
|
||||
public BakeMuttonCommand(Cook cook) {
|
||||
super(cook);
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/**
|
||||
* 命名的执行方法，对具体进行处理
|
||||
*/
|
||||
@Override
|
||||
public void execute() {
|
||||
cook.bakeMutton();
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
|
|||
package cn.bunny.pattern5.demo2.command;
|
||||
|
||||
import cn.bunny.pattern5.demo2.Cook;
|
||||
|
||||
/**
|
||||
* 命名的抽象，可以提供具体的厨师
|
||||
*/
|
||||
public abstract class Command {
|
||||
protected Cook cook;
|
||||
|
||||
public Command(Cook cook) {
|
||||
this.cook = cook;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/**
|
||||
* 命名的执行方法，对具体进行处理
|
||||
*/
|
||||
public abstract void execute();
|
||||
}
|
||||
Loading…
Reference in New Issue