From 71049d5251813e11032d3b90488362b67308f736 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: bunny <1319900154@qq.com> Date: Mon, 26 May 2025 19:06:08 +0800 Subject: [PATCH] =?UTF-8?q?:sparkles:=20=E8=BF=9C=E7=A8=8B=E8=B0=83?= =?UTF-8?q?=E7=94=A8-Feign=E6=8B=A6=E6=88=AA=E5=99=A8?= MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit --- cloud-demo/ReadMe.md | 174 ++++++++++++------ .../创建命名空间_nacos_config_export_dev.zip | Bin cloud-demo/services/service-order/pom.xml | 5 +- .../service/feign/ProductFeignClient.java | 3 +- .../fallback/ProductFeignClientFallback.java | 22 +++ .../src/main/resources/application-feign.yaml | 5 +- 6 files changed, 152 insertions(+), 57 deletions(-) rename cloud-demo/samples/{ => namespace-config}/创建命名空间_nacos_config_export_dev.zip (100%) create mode 100644 cloud-demo/services/service-order/src/main/java/cn/bunny/service/feign/fallback/ProductFeignClientFallback.java diff --git a/cloud-demo/ReadMe.md b/cloud-demo/ReadMe.md index 29ff59a..b520737 100644 --- a/cloud-demo/ReadMe.md +++ b/cloud-demo/ReadMe.md @@ -336,7 +336,7 @@ spring: on-profile: test ``` -## OpenFeign +## OpenFeign 使用 ### 基础配置 @@ -354,7 +354,6 @@ spring: ```java @SpringBootApplication -@EnableDiscoveryClient @EnableFeignClients(basePackages = "com.yourpackage.feign") public class OrderServiceApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { @@ -363,6 +362,9 @@ public class OrderServiceApplication { } ``` +> [!NOTE] +> `@EnableDiscoveryClient`注解，Spring Cloud最新版本已自动启用服务发现功能。 + ### Feign客户端使用 #### 服务间调用 @@ -371,7 +373,7 @@ public class OrderServiceApplication { ```java @FeignClient( - value = "service-product", + name = "service-product", path = "/api/product", configuration = ProductFeignConfig.class ) @@ -381,86 +383,61 @@ public interface ProductFeignClient { ResponseEntity getProductById(@PathVariable("id") Long productId); @PostMapping - ResponseEntity createProduct(@RequestBody Product product); + ResponseEntity createProduct(@Valid @RequestBody Product product); // 添加@Valid注解支持参数校验 } ``` -**服务调用示例**： +**服务调用示例优化**： ```java @Service @RequiredArgsConstructor public class OrderService { - private final ProductFeignClient productFeignClient; public Order createOrder(Long productId, Long userId) { - // 使用Feign客户端调用远程服务 - ResponseEntity response = productFeignClient.getProductById(productId); + Product product = productFeignClient.getProductById(productId) + .orElseThrow(() -> new ProductNotFoundException(productId)); // 使用Optional简化判断 - if (!response.getStatusCode().is2xxSuccessful()) { - throw new RuntimeException("商品服务调用失败"); - } - - Product product = response.getBody(); - Order order = new Order(); - // 订单业务逻辑处理... - return order; + return Order.builder() + .productId(product.getId()) + .userId(userId) + // 其他订单属性 + .build(); } } ``` -#### 第三方服务调用 +#### 第三方服务调用优化 ```java @FeignClient( - name = "bunny-client", - url = "${external.bunny.api.url}", + name = "bunny-client", + url = "${external.bunny.api.url}", configuration = ExternalFeignConfig.class ) public interface BunnyFeignClient { @PostMapping("/login") - ResponseEntity login(@RequestBody LoginDto loginDto); -} -``` - -**测试用例**： - -```java -@SpringBootTest -public class BunnyFeignClientTest { - - @Autowired - private BunnyFeignClient bunnyFeignClient; - - @Test - void testLogin() { - LoginDto loginDto = new LoginDto("bunny", "admin123", "default"); - ResponseEntity response = bunnyFeignClient.login(loginDto); - - assertThat(response.getStatusCode()).isEqualTo(HttpStatus.OK); - System.out.println("登录响应: " + response.getBody()); - } + ResponseEntity login(@Valid @RequestBody LoginDto loginDto); // 使用具体返回类型替代String } ``` ### 负载均衡对比 -#### 客户端负载均衡 vs 服务端负载均衡 - -| 特性 | 客户端负载均衡 (OpenFeign) | 服务端负载均衡 (Nginx等) | -| ------------ | -------------------------- | ------------------------ | -| **实现位置** | 客户端实现 | 服务端实现 | -| **依赖关系** | 需要服务注册中心 | 不依赖注册中心 | -| **性能** | 直接调用，减少网络跳转 | 需要经过代理服务器 | -| **灵活性** | 可定制负载均衡策略 | 配置相对固定 | -| **服务发现** | 集成服务发现机制 | 需要手动维护服务列表 | -| **适用场景** | 微服务内部调用 | 对外暴露API或跨系统调用 | +| 特性 | 客户端负载均衡 (OpenFeign) | 服务端负载均衡 (Nginx等) | +| ------------ | ----------------------------------- | ------------------------ | +| **实现位置** | 客户端实现 | 服务端实现 | +| **依赖关系** | 需要服务注册中心 | 不依赖注册中心 | +| **性能** | 直接调用，减少网络跳转 | 需要经过代理服务器 | +| **灵活性** | 可定制负载均衡策略 | 配置相对固定 | +| **服务发现** | 集成服务发现机制 | 需要手动维护服务列表 | +| **适用场景** | 微服务内部调用 | 对外暴露API或跨系统调用 | +| **容错能力** | 集成熔断机制（如Sentinel、Hystrix） | 依赖代理服务器容错配置 | ### 高级配置 -#### 日志配置 +#### 日志配置优化 **application.yml**: @@ -474,18 +451,20 @@ logging: **Java配置**： ```java +@Configuration public class FeignConfig { @Bean Logger.Level feignLoggerLevel() { - return Logger.Level.FULL; // NONE, BASIC, HEADERS, FULL + // 生产环境建议使用BASIC级别 + return Logger.Level.FULL; } } ``` -#### 超时与重试配置 +#### 超时与重试配置优化 -**application-feign.yml**: +**application.yml**: ```yaml spring: @@ -497,10 +476,12 @@ spring: connect-timeout: 2000 read-timeout: 5000 logger-level: basic + retryable: false # 默认关闭重试，避免幂等问题 service-product: # 特定服务配置 connect-timeout: 3000 read-timeout: 10000 + retryable: true ``` **重试机制配置**： @@ -512,3 +493,88 @@ public Retryer feignRetryer() { return new Retryer.Default(100, 1000, 3); } ``` + +### Feign拦截器优化 + +#### 最佳实践 + +```java +@Component +@RequiredArgsConstructor +public class AuthRequestInterceptor implements RequestInterceptor { + private final AuthService authService; + + @Override + public void apply(RequestTemplate template) { + template.header("Authorization", "Bearer " + authService.getCurrentToken()); + } +} +``` + +**配置方式**： + +```yaml +spring: + cloud: + openfeign: + client: + config: + default: + request-interceptors: + - com.yourpackage.feign.interceptor.AuthRequestInterceptor + - com.yourpackage.feign.interceptor.LoggingInterceptor +``` + +### 熔断降级配置优化 + +#### 整合Sentinel + +```xml + + com.alibaba.cloud + spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-sentinel + ${sentinel.version} + +``` + +**配置**： + +```yaml +feign: + sentinel: + enabled: true + # 降级策略配置 + fallback: + enabled: true + # 默认降级类路径 + default: com.yourpackage.feign.fallback.DefaultFallback +``` + +**降级实现优化**： + +```java +@Slf4j +@Component +public class ProductFeignClientFallback implements ProductFeignClient { + + @Override + public ResponseEntity getProductById(Long productId) { + log.warn("Product服务降级，productId: {}", productId); + return ResponseEntity.ok(Product.getDefaultProduct(productId)); + } +} +``` + +**FeignClient使用**： + +```java +@FeignClient( + name = "service-product", + path = "/api/product", + fallback = ProductFeignClientFallback.class, + fallbackFactory = ProductFeignClientFallbackFactory.class // 可选，用于获取异常信息 +) +public interface ProductFeignClient { + // 方法定义 +} +``` diff --git a/cloud-demo/samples/创建命名空间_nacos_config_export_dev.zip b/cloud-demo/samples/namespace-config/创建命名空间_nacos_config_export_dev.zip similarity index 100% rename from cloud-demo/samples/创建命名空间_nacos_config_export_dev.zip rename to cloud-demo/samples/namespace-config/创建命名空间_nacos_config_export_dev.zip diff --git a/cloud-demo/services/service-order/pom.xml b/cloud-demo/services/service-order/pom.xml index e852a82..a2ca031 100644 --- a/cloud-demo/services/service-order/pom.xml +++ b/cloud-demo/services/service-order/pom.xml @@ -18,6 +18,9 @@ - + + com.alibaba.cloud + spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-sentinel + diff --git a/cloud-demo/services/service-order/src/main/java/cn/bunny/service/feign/ProductFeignClient.java b/cloud-demo/services/service-order/src/main/java/cn/bunny/service/feign/ProductFeignClient.java index c3c2e68..9e4e6fa 100644 --- a/cloud-demo/services/service-order/src/main/java/cn/bunny/service/feign/ProductFeignClient.java +++ b/cloud-demo/services/service-order/src/main/java/cn/bunny/service/feign/ProductFeignClient.java @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ package cn.bunny.service.feign; import cn.bunny.model.product.bean.Product; +import cn.bunny.service.feign.fallback.ProductFeignClientFallback; import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClient; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable; // Feign 客户端 -@FeignClient(value = "service-product", path = "/api/product") +@FeignClient(value = "service-product", path = "/api/product", fallback = ProductFeignClientFallback.class) public interface ProductFeignClient { // 标注在 Controller 上是接受请求 diff --git a/cloud-demo/services/service-order/src/main/java/cn/bunny/service/feign/fallback/ProductFeignClientFallback.java b/cloud-demo/services/service-order/src/main/java/cn/bunny/service/feign/fallback/ProductFeignClientFallback.java new file mode 100644 index 0000000..a6a5d20 --- /dev/null +++ b/cloud-demo/services/service-order/src/main/java/cn/bunny/service/feign/fallback/ProductFeignClientFallback.java @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +package cn.bunny.service.feign.fallback; + +import cn.bunny.model.product.bean.Product; +import cn.bunny.service.feign.ProductFeignClient; +import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; + +import java.math.BigDecimal; + +@Component +public class ProductFeignClientFallback implements ProductFeignClient { + @Override + public Product getProduct(Long productId) { + System.out.println("ProductFeignClientFallback 兜底回调..."); + + Product product = new Product(); + product.setId(productId); + product.setPrice(new BigDecimal("1000")); + product.setProductName("兜底数据"); + product.setNum(99); + return product; + } +} diff --git a/cloud-demo/services/service-order/src/main/resources/application-feign.yaml b/cloud-demo/services/service-order/src/main/resources/application-feign.yaml index d7143e5..ce0bc6e 100644 --- a/cloud-demo/services/service-order/src/main/resources/application-feign.yaml +++ b/cloud-demo/services/service-order/src/main/resources/application-feign.yaml @@ -15,4 +15,7 @@ spring: connect-timeout: 3000 read-timeout: 5000 # 最多等待对方 5s request-interceptors: - - cn.bunny.service.interceptor.XTokenRequestInterceptor \ No newline at end of file + - cn.bunny.service.interceptor.XTokenRequestInterceptor +feign: + sentinel: + enabled: true \ No newline at end of file