✨ 远程调用-Feign拦截器
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@ -336,7 +336,7 @@ spring:
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on-profile: test
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```
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## OpenFeign
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## OpenFeign 使用
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### 基础配置
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@ -354,7 +354,6 @@ spring:
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```java
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@SpringBootApplication
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@EnableDiscoveryClient
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@EnableFeignClients(basePackages = "com.yourpackage.feign")
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public class OrderServiceApplication {
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public static void main(String[] args) {
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@ -363,6 +362,9 @@ public class OrderServiceApplication {
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}
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```
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> [!NOTE]
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> `@EnableDiscoveryClient`注解，Spring Cloud最新版本已自动启用服务发现功能。
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### Feign客户端使用
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#### 服务间调用
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@ -371,7 +373,7 @@ public class OrderServiceApplication {
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```java
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@FeignClient(
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value = "service-product",
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name = "service-product",
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path = "/api/product",
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configuration = ProductFeignConfig.class
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)
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@ -381,86 +383,61 @@ public interface ProductFeignClient {
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ResponseEntity<Product> getProductById(@PathVariable("id") Long productId);
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@PostMapping
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ResponseEntity<Void> createProduct(@RequestBody Product product);
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ResponseEntity<Void> createProduct(@Valid @RequestBody Product product); // 添加@Valid注解支持参数校验
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}
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```
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**服务调用示例**：
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**服务调用示例优化**：
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```java
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@Service
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@RequiredArgsConstructor
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public class OrderService {
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private final ProductFeignClient productFeignClient;
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public Order createOrder(Long productId, Long userId) {
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// 使用Feign客户端调用远程服务
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ResponseEntity<Product> response = productFeignClient.getProductById(productId);
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Product product = productFeignClient.getProductById(productId)
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.orElseThrow(() -> new ProductNotFoundException(productId)); // 使用Optional简化判断
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if (!response.getStatusCode().is2xxSuccessful()) {
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throw new RuntimeException("商品服务调用失败");
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}
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Product product = response.getBody();
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Order order = new Order();
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// 订单业务逻辑处理...
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return order;
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return Order.builder()
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.productId(product.getId())
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.userId(userId)
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// 其他订单属性
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.build();
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}
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}
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```
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#### 第三方服务调用
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#### 第三方服务调用优化
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```java
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@FeignClient(
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name = "bunny-client",
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url = "${external.bunny.api.url}",
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name = "bunny-client",
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url = "${external.bunny.api.url}",
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configuration = ExternalFeignConfig.class
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)
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public interface BunnyFeignClient {
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@PostMapping("/login")
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ResponseEntity<String> login(@RequestBody LoginDto loginDto);
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}
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```
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**测试用例**：
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```java
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@SpringBootTest
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public class BunnyFeignClientTest {
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@Autowired
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private BunnyFeignClient bunnyFeignClient;
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@Test
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void testLogin() {
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LoginDto loginDto = new LoginDto("bunny", "admin123", "default");
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ResponseEntity<String> response = bunnyFeignClient.login(loginDto);
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assertThat(response.getStatusCode()).isEqualTo(HttpStatus.OK);
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System.out.println("登录响应: " + response.getBody());
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}
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ResponseEntity<AuthResponse> login(@Valid @RequestBody LoginDto loginDto); // 使用具体返回类型替代String
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}
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```
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### 负载均衡对比
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#### 客户端负载均衡 vs 服务端负载均衡
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| 特性 | 客户端负载均衡 (OpenFeign) | 服务端负载均衡 (Nginx等) |
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| ------------ | -------------------------- | ------------------------ |
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| **实现位置** | 客户端实现 | 服务端实现 |
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| **依赖关系** | 需要服务注册中心 | 不依赖注册中心 |
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| **性能** | 直接调用，减少网络跳转 | 需要经过代理服务器 |
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| **灵活性** | 可定制负载均衡策略 | 配置相对固定 |
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| **服务发现** | 集成服务发现机制 | 需要手动维护服务列表 |
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| **适用场景** | 微服务内部调用 | 对外暴露API或跨系统调用 |
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| 特性 | 客户端负载均衡 (OpenFeign) | 服务端负载均衡 (Nginx等) |
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| ------------ | ----------------------------------- | ------------------------ |
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| **实现位置** | 客户端实现 | 服务端实现 |
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| **依赖关系** | 需要服务注册中心 | 不依赖注册中心 |
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| **性能** | 直接调用，减少网络跳转 | 需要经过代理服务器 |
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| **灵活性** | 可定制负载均衡策略 | 配置相对固定 |
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| **服务发现** | 集成服务发现机制 | 需要手动维护服务列表 |
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| **适用场景** | 微服务内部调用 | 对外暴露API或跨系统调用 |
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| **容错能力** | 集成熔断机制（如Sentinel、Hystrix） | 依赖代理服务器容错配置 |
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### 高级配置
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#### 日志配置
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#### 日志配置优化
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**application.yml**:
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@ -474,18 +451,20 @@ logging:
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**Java配置**：
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```java
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@Configuration
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public class FeignConfig {
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@Bean
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Logger.Level feignLoggerLevel() {
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return Logger.Level.FULL; // NONE, BASIC, HEADERS, FULL
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// 生产环境建议使用BASIC级别
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return Logger.Level.FULL;
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}
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}
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```
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#### 超时与重试配置
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#### 超时与重试配置优化
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**application-feign.yml**:
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**application.yml**:
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```yaml
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spring:
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@ -497,10 +476,12 @@ spring:
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connect-timeout: 2000
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read-timeout: 5000
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logger-level: basic
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retryable: false # 默认关闭重试，避免幂等问题
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service-product: # 特定服务配置
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connect-timeout: 3000
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read-timeout: 10000
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retryable: true
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```
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**重试机制配置**：
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@ -512,3 +493,88 @@ public Retryer feignRetryer() {
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return new Retryer.Default(100, 1000, 3);
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}
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```
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### Feign拦截器优化
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#### 最佳实践
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```java
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@Component
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@RequiredArgsConstructor
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public class AuthRequestInterceptor implements RequestInterceptor {
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private final AuthService authService;
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@Override
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public void apply(RequestTemplate template) {
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template.header("Authorization", "Bearer " + authService.getCurrentToken());
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}
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}
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```
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**配置方式**：
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```yaml
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spring:
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cloud:
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openfeign:
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client:
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config:
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default:
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request-interceptors:
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- com.yourpackage.feign.interceptor.AuthRequestInterceptor
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- com.yourpackage.feign.interceptor.LoggingInterceptor
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```
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### 熔断降级配置优化
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#### 整合Sentinel
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```xml
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<dependency>
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<groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
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<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-sentinel</artifactId>
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<version>${sentinel.version}</version>
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</dependency>
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```
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**配置**：
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```yaml
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feign:
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sentinel:
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enabled: true
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# 降级策略配置
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fallback:
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enabled: true
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# 默认降级类路径
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default: com.yourpackage.feign.fallback.DefaultFallback
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```
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**降级实现优化**：
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```java
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@Slf4j
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@Component
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public class ProductFeignClientFallback implements ProductFeignClient {
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@Override
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public ResponseEntity<Product> getProductById(Long productId) {
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log.warn("Product服务降级，productId: {}", productId);
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return ResponseEntity.ok(Product.getDefaultProduct(productId));
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}
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}
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```
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**FeignClient使用**：
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```java
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@FeignClient(
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name = "service-product",
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path = "/api/product",
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fallback = ProductFeignClientFallback.class,
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fallbackFactory = ProductFeignClientFallbackFactory.class // 可选，用于获取异常信息
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)
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public interface ProductFeignClient {
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// 方法定义
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}
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```
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@ -18,6 +18,9 @@
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</properties>
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<dependencies>
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<dependency>
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<groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
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<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-sentinel</artifactId>
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</dependency>
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</dependencies>
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</project>
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@ -1,12 +1,13 @@
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package cn.bunny.service.feign;
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import cn.bunny.model.product.bean.Product;
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import cn.bunny.service.feign.fallback.ProductFeignClientFallback;
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import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClient;
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import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
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import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
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// Feign 客户端
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@FeignClient(value = "service-product", path = "/api/product")
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@FeignClient(value = "service-product", path = "/api/product", fallback = ProductFeignClientFallback.class)
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public interface ProductFeignClient {
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// 标注在 Controller 上是接受请求
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@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
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package cn.bunny.service.feign.fallback;
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import cn.bunny.model.product.bean.Product;
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import cn.bunny.service.feign.ProductFeignClient;
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import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
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import java.math.BigDecimal;
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@Component
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public class ProductFeignClientFallback implements ProductFeignClient {
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@Override
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public Product getProduct(Long productId) {
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System.out.println("ProductFeignClientFallback 兜底回调...");
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Product product = new Product();
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product.setId(productId);
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product.setPrice(new BigDecimal("1000"));
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product.setProductName("兜底数据");
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product.setNum(99);
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return product;
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}
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}
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@ -15,4 +15,7 @@ spring:
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connect-timeout: 3000
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read-timeout: 5000 # 最多等待对方 5s
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request-interceptors:
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- cn.bunny.service.interceptor.XTokenRequestInterceptor
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- cn.bunny.service.interceptor.XTokenRequestInterceptor
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feign:
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sentinel:
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enabled: true
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